I’m afraid I don’t understand the operator not / - even with the help of the manual.
This finds all PDF documents that contain “cat” and “dog”.

How should I search if I only want to find “cat” and “dog” that do not appear in PDF documents? Unfortunately this does not work. Thanks.

You should use “kind:!pdf”
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You’re right, thank you. Apart from the fact that it was in the wrong place ! and - are not the same thing?
The not operator work on the value, not on the attribute.
-kind: something
would mean (loosely) „any attribute that’s not kind
with a value of something
. Eg, tag: something
. But the syntax doesn’t exist.
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Manual p 231

Is it wrong to conclude that ! and - are equivalent?
I think that the not
operator’s alternative version is ~
(tilde). Can’t check now as I’m away from my Mac. In DTTG, It seems to be only not
.
My understanding is that “normal” search operators cannot be applied to search prefixes. The search prefixes have their own prefix operators.